flowering: | probiosis | Limenitis reducta
| | Pieris rapae rapae
| |
Interactions with other organisms giving negative impact to Rubus (Rubus) :
immature fuit: | parasitism | Coptotriche marginea
mature fruit: | parasitism | Coptotriche marginea
| vegetative stage: | episitism (predation) | Coptotriche marginea
| | parasitism | Coptotriche marginea
| | | Ectoedemia (Ectoedemia) rubivora
| | | Stigmella aurella var.biol. aurella
| |
Interactions with other organisms giving neutral impact to Rubus (Rubus) :